Teach Yourself TCP/IP in 14 Days

Teach Yourself TCP/IP in 14 Days

Second Edition

Sams Publishing

So you've just been told you are on a TCP/IP network, you are the new TCP/IP system administrator, or you have to install a TCP/IP system. But you don't know very much about TCP/IP. That's where this book comes in. You don't need any programming skills, and familiarity with operating systems is assumed. Even if you've never touched a computer before, you should be able to follow the material.

This book is intended for beginning through intermediate users and covers all the protocols involved in TCP/IP. Each protocol is examined in a fair level of detail to show how it works and how it interacts with the other protocols in the TCP/IP family. Along the way, this book shows you the basic tools required to install, configure, and maintain a TCP/IP network. It also shows you most of the user utilities that are available.

Because of the complex nature of TCP/IP and the lack of a friendly user interface, there is a lot of information to look at. Throughout the book, the role of each protocol is shown separately, as is the way it works on networks of all sizes. The relationship with large internetworks (like the Internet) is also covered.

Each chapter in the book adds to the complexity of the system, building on the material in the earlier chapters. Although some chapters seem to be unrelated to TCP/IP at first glance, all the material is involved in an integral manner with the TCP/IP protocol family. The last few chapters cover the installation and troubleshooting of a network.

By the time you finish this book, you will understand the different components of a TCP/IP system, as well as the complex acronym-heavy jargon used. Following the examples presented, you should be able to install and configure a complete TCP/IP network for any operating system and hardware platform.

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A Guide to TCP/IP Internetworking By Vincenzo Mendillo

A Guide to TCP/IP Internetworking

By Vincenzo Mendillo

TCP/IP is a set of protocols that allow cooperating computers to share resources across a network. It was developed by a community of researchers centered around the ARPAnet. Certainly the ARPAnet was the best known TCP/IP network, but now has been replaced by the Internet. The most accurate name for the set of protocols we will describing is the "Internet protocol suite" or "Internet protocol stack". TCP and IP are two of the protocols in this suite and because they are the best known of the protocols, it has become common to use the term TCP/IP to refer to the whole family. So the generic term TCP/IP usually means anything and everything related to the specific protocols of TCP and IP. It can include other protocols, applications, and even the network medium. A sample of these protocols are: UDP, ARP, and ICMP. A sample of these applications are TELNET, FTP, TFTP, SMTP and SNMP. The Internet is a collection of international and national networks, regional networks, local networks at a number of universities and research institutions, and also a number of military networks. The term "Internet" applies to this entire set of networks. All of these networks are connected to each other. Users can send messages from any of them to any other, except where there are security or other policy restrictions on access.

Officially speaking, the Internet protocol documents are simply standards adopted by the Internet community for its own use. Internet standards are called RFC. RFC stands for Request for Comment. A proposed standard is initially issued as a proposal, and given an RFC number. When it is finally accepted, it is added to Official Internet Protocols, but it is still referred to by the RFC number. Whenever an RFC is revised, the revised version gets a new number. These documents are being revised all the time, so the RFC number keeps changing.

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Daryl's TCP/IP Primer By Daryl Banttari

Daryl's TCP/IP Primer

By Daryl Banttari

This document is designed to give the reader a reasonable working knowledge of TCP/IP subnetting, addressing, and routing. It is not intended to be complete, or to cover all issues. This is targeted toward LAN administrators just moving to TCP/IP, however it should help anyone who wants to know a little (more) about how TCP/IP works. This document does not, generally, apply to dial-up SLIP/PPP connections.

The difference between this (a primer) and an FAQ, is that most FAQ's, in practice, tend to be question-and-answer oriented, and generally seem to try to cover ALL issues, not just the ones frequently asked about. This primer is intended as a starting point for someone who has an interest in the subject, but doesn't know where to start or what questions to ask. This should also help to broaden the understanding of people who have worked with TCP/IP for a while, but either haven't had the time to study all the less-than-useful theory behind the subject, or have been somewhat overwhelmed by the many theoretical details and have missed the big picture.

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TCP/IP Tutorial and Technical Overview

TCP/IP Tutorial and Technical Overview

IBM.com

The TCP/IP protocol suite has become the de facto standard for computer communications in today's networked world. The ubiquitous implementation of a specific networking standard has led to an incredible dependence on the applications enabled by it. Today, we use the TCP/IP protocols and the Internet not only for entertainment and information, but to conduct our business by performing transactions, buying and selling products, and delivering services to customers. We are continually extending the set of applications that leverage TCP/IP, thereby driving the need for further infrastructural support.In TCP/IP Tutorial and Technical Overview, we take an in-depth look into the TCP/IP protocol suite. In Part I, we introduce TCP/IP, providing a basic understanding of the underlying concepts essential to the protocols. We continue our discussion in Part II with a survey of today's most popular TCP/IP application protocols, including emerging wireless and multimedia applications. Finally, in Part III, we cover advanced concepts and the latest infrastructural trends in networking, including IPv6, security, Quality of Service, IP mobility, and MPLS. We address the challenges that TCP/IP is currently facing and the technology being developed to overcome them.

Table of Contents
Part I. Core TCP/IP protocols

Chapter 1. Architecture, history, standards, and trends

Chapter 2. Network interfaces

Chapter 3. Internetworking protocols

Chapter 4. Routing protocols

Chapter 5. Transport layer protocols

Chapter 6. IP multicast

Part 2. TCP/IP application protocols

Chapter 7. Application structure and programming interfaces

Chapter 8. Directory and naming protocols

Chapter 9. Remote execution and distributed computing

Chapter 10. File related protocols

Chapter 11. Mail applications

Chapter 12. The World Wide Web

Chapter 13. Multimedia protocols

Chapter 14. Wireless Application Protocol (WAP)

Chapter 15. Network management

Chapter 16. Utilities

Part 3. Advanced concepts and new technologies

Chapter 17. IP Version 6

Chapter 18. Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS)

Chapter 19. Mobile IP

Chapter 20. Integrating other protocols with TCP/IP

Chapter 21. TCP/IP security

Chapter 22. Quality of Service

Chapter 23. Availability, scalability, and load balancing

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RFC 1180 - TCP/IP tutorial By Theodore John Socolofsky and Claudia Jeanne Kale

RFC 1180 - TCP/IP tutorial

By Theodore John Socolofsky and Claudia Jeanne Kale

This RFC is a tutorial on the TCP/IP protocol suite, focusing particularly on the steps in forwarding an IP datagram from source host to destination host through a router. It does not specify an Internet standard. Distribution of this memo is unlimited.

This tutorial contains only one view of the salient points of TCP/IP, and therefore it is the "bare bones" of TCP/IP technology. It omits the history of development and funding, the business case for its use, and its future as compared to ISO OSI. Indeed, a great deal of technical information is also omitted. What remains is a minimum of information that must be understood by the professional working in a TCP/IP environment. These professionals include the systems administrator, the systems programmer, and the network manager. This tutorial uses examples from the UNIX TCP/IP environment, however the main points apply across all implementations of TCP/IP. Note that the purpose of this memo is explanation, not definition. If any question arises about the correct specification of a protocol, please refer to the actual standards defining RFC. The next section is an overview of TCP/IP, followed by detailed descriptions of individual components.

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TCP/IP and IPX Routing Tutorial

TCP/IP and IPX Routing Tutorial

Sangoma Technologies Corp.

This tutorial is intended to supply enough information to set up a relatively simple WAN or Internet-connected LAN using WANPIPE® router cards or other routers. Explanations of IP addresses, classes, Netmask asks, subnetting, and routing are provided, and several example networks are considered. Example address and routing configurations are provided for running WANPIPE® router cards under the following protocol stacks and platforms: Unix and Linux., Microsoft TCP/IP on Windows NT Workstation/Server and Windows 95, and others. A basic explanation of IPX routing is also included.

All brand names and product names are trademarks of their respective companies.

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TCP/IP Fundamentals

TCP/IP Fundamentals

OSI Seven Layer Model & Seminar Outline

This seminar will present TCP/IP communications starting from Layer 2 up to Layer 4 (TCP/IP applications cover Layers 5-7)

• IP Addresses
• Data Link Layer - Network Frames , Address Resolution Protocol
• Network Layer - Internet Protocol , IP Routing , ICMP Error Reporting
• Transport Layer - User Datagram Protocol , Transmission Control Protocol,
• Session through Application Layers - Domain Name System
• Final example tracing DNS transaction through a router

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Understanding TCP/IP By Julian Moss

Understanding TCP/IP

By Julian Moss

Everyone knows that TCP/IP is a network protocol used on LANs, WANs and the Internet, but not everyone who uses it understands howitworks. It’s possible to use TCP/IP with little more than a knowledge of how to configure the protocol stack, but a better understanding will give you a clearer picture of what is going on in your network and why the protocol needs to be set up in a particular way.

The aim of this multi-part article is to explain the key concepts behind TCP/IP. TCP/IP stands for Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol. If this leads you to think that it is not just one protocol, you’re right. In fact, it is not just two protocols, either. TCP/IP is a suite of protocols. We’ll cover the most important ones in the course of this article.

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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) - TCP/IP

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) - TCP/IP

comp.protocols.tcp-ip.domains

comp.protocols.tcp-ip.domains is the usenet newsgroup for discussion onissues relating to the Domain Name System (DNS).This newsgroup is not for issues directly relating to IP routing andaddressing. Issues of that nature should be directed towards comp.protocols.tcp-ip.

Question 2.3.

What is BIND ?

Date: Tue Sep 10 23:15:58 EDT 1996

From the BOG Introduction -

The Berkeley Internet Name Domain (BIND) implements an Internet nameserver for the BSD operating system. The BIND consists of a server (or``daemon'') and a resolver library. A name server is a networkservice that enables clients to name resources or objects and share thisinformation with other objects in the network. This in effect is adistributed data base system for objects in a computer network. BINDis fully integrated into BSD (4.3 and later releases) network programsfor use in storing and retrieving host names and address. The systemadministrator can configure the system to use BIND as a replacement tothe older host table lookup of information in the network hosts file/etc/hosts. The default configuration for BSD uses BIND.

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The TCP/IP Guide By Charles

The TCP/IP Guide

By Charles

Welcome to the free online version of The TCP/IP Guide! My name is Charles and I am the author and publisher. I hope you will find the material here useful to you in your studies of computing, networking, and programming.

Here are a few tips, links and reminders to help you out:

Introduction: Newcomers to The TCP/IP Guide may wish to read the Introduction and Guide to the Guide, which will explain what the Guide is about and provide you with useful information about how to use it.

Navigation: For assistance understanding The TCP/IP Guide’s page structure and buttons, please refer to the Navigation Tips page.

Getting Started on Content: Once you are ready to dive into the content, start at Networking Fundamentals if you are new to networking; if you know the basics of networks and the OSI Reference Model, feel free to jump straight to the TCP/IP Protocol Suite and Architecture section. Of course, remember you can use the Table Of Contents to start anywhere else you might wish!

News: News about the free version of The TCP/IP Guide will be posted on the main TCP/IP Guide home page...........

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TCP/IP Fundamentals for Microsoft Windows

TCP/IP Fundamentals for Microsoft Windows

Microsoft TechNet

This online book is a structured, introductory approach to the basic concepts and principles of the Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) protocol suite, how the most important protocols function, and their basic configuration in the Microsoft® Windows Server® 2003 and Windows® XP operating systems. This book is primarily a discussion of concepts and principles to lay a conceptual foundation for the TCP/IP protocol suite. Unlike many other introductory TCP/IP texts, this book provides an integrated discussion of both Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) and Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6).

This book is not a discussion of TCP/IP planning, configuration, deployment, management, or application development. For a discussion of TCP/IP planning, configuration, deployment, and management, see the online Help for Windows Server 2003 and the Windows Server 2003 Deployment Kit. For a discussion of how to develop TCP/IP applications using Windows Sockets, see the Microsoft Developer Network.

This book provides an educational vehicle for the fundamentals of TCP/IP to either prepare you for a career in information technology or to augment your knowledge of TCP/IP-based networking in Microsoft Windows. This book is not intended to be a primer for computing or networking technology.

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A new TCP congestion control with empty queues and scalable stability By Fernando Paganini, Steven H. Low, ZhikuiWang, Sanjeewa Athuraliya and John C. Doyle

A new TCP congestion control with empty queues and scalable stability

By Fernando Paganini, Steven H. Low, ZhikuiWang, Sanjeewa Athuraliya and John C. Doyle

We describe a new congestion avoidance system designed to maintain dynamic stability on networks of arbitrary delay, capacity, and topology. This is motivated by recent work showing the limited stability margins of TCP Reno/RED as delay or network capacity scale up. Based on earlier work establishing mathematical requirements for local stability, we develop new flow control laws that satisfy these conditions together with a certain degree of fairness in bandwidth allocation. When a congestion measure signal from links to sources is available, the system can satisfy also the key objectives of high utilization and emptying the network queues in equilibrium.

We develop a packet-level implementation of this protocol, where the congestion measure is communicated back to sources via random exponential marking of an ECN bit. We discuss parameter choices for the marking and estimation system, and demonstrate using ns-2 simulations the stability of the protocol, and the nearempty equilibrium queues, for a wide range of delays. Comparisons with the behavior of Reno /RED are provided. We also explore the situation where ECN is not used, and instead queueing delay is used as a pricing signal. This alternative protocol is also stable, but will inevitably exhibit nontrivial queues.

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Introduction to the Internet Protocols

Introduction to the Internet Protocols

This is an introduction to the Internet networking protocols (TCP/IP).It includes a summary of the facilities available and briefdescriptions of the major protocols in the family.

What is TCP/IP?

TCP/IP is a set of protocols developed to allow cooperating computersto share resources across a network. It was developed by a communityof researchers centered around the ARPAnet. Certainly the ARPAnet isthe best-known TCP/IP network. However as of June, 87, at least 130different vendors had products that support TCP/IP, and thousands ofnetworks of all kinds use it.

First some basic definitions. The most accurate name for the set ofprotocols we are describing is the "Internet protocol suite". TCP andIP are two of the protocols in this suite. (They will be describedbelow.) Because TCP and IP are the best known of the protocols, ithas become common to use the term TCP/IP or IP/TCP to refer to thewhole family. It is probably not worth fighting this habit. Howeverthis can lead to some oddities. For example, I find myself talkingabout NFS as being based on TCP/IP, even though it doesn't use TCP atall. (It does use IP. But it uses an alternative protocol, UDP,instead of TCP. All of this alphabet soup will be unscrambled in thefollowing pages.)

The Internet is a collection of networks, including the Arpanet,NSFnet, regional networks such as NYsernet, local networks at a numberof University and research institutions, and a number of militarynetworks. The term "Internet" applies to this entire set of networks.The subset of them that is managed by the Department of Defense isreferred to as the "DDN" (Defense Data Network). This includes someresearch-oriented networks, such as the Arpanet, as well as morestrictly military ones. (Because much of the funding for Internetprotocol developments is done via the DDN organization, the termsInternet and DDN can sometimes seem equivalent.) All of thesenetworks are connected to each other. Users can send messages fromany of them to any other, except where there are security or otherpolicy restrictions on access. Officially speaking, the Internetprotocol documents are simply standards adopted by the Internetcommunity for its own use. More recently, the Department of Defenseissued a MILSPEC definition of TCP/IP. This was intended to be a moreformal definition, appropriate for use in purchasing specifications.However most of the TCP/IP community continues to use the Internetstandards. The MILSPEC version is intended to be consistent with it.

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TCP/IP Network Administration Second Edition By Craig Hunt

TCP/IP Network Administration Second Edition

By Craig Hunt

The protocol wars are over and TCP/IP won. TCP/IP is now universally recognized as the pre-eminent communications protocol for linking together diverse computer systems. The importance of interoperable data communications and global computer networks is no longer debated. But that was not always the case. When I wrote the first edition of this book, IPX was far and away the leading PC communications protocol. Microsoft did not bundle communications protocols in their operating system. Corporate networks were so dependent on SNA that many corporate network administrators had not even heard of TCP/IP. Even UNIX, the mother of TCP/IP, nursed a large number of pure UUCP networks. Back then I felt compelled to tout the importance of TCP/IP by pointing out that it was used on thousands of networks and hundreds of thousands of computers. How times have changed! Today we count the hosts and users connected to the Internet in the tens of millions. And the Internet is only the tip of the TCP/IP iceberg. The largest market for TCP/IP is in the corporate "intranet." An intranet is a private TCP/IP network used to disseminate information within the enterprise. The competing network technologies have shrunk to niche markets where they fill special needs - while TCP/IP has grown to be the communications software that links the world.

The acceptance of TCP/IP as a worldwide standard and the size of its global user base are not the only things that have changed. In 1991 I lamented the lack of adequate documentation. At the time it was difficult for a network administrator to find the information he or she needed to do the job. Since that time there has been an explosion of books about TCP/IP and the Internet. However, there are still too few books that concentrate on what a system administrator really needs to know about TCP/IP administration and too many books that try to tell you how to surf the Web. In this book I strive to focus on TCP/IP and UNIX, and not to be distracted by the phenomenon of the Internet.

I am very proud of the first edition of TCP/IP Network Administration. In the second edition, I have done everything I can to maintain the essential character of the book while making it better. The Domain Name Service material has been updated to cover the latest version of the BIND 4 software. The email configuration is now based on sendmail version 8, and the operating system examples are from the current versions of Solaris and Linux. The routing protocol coverage has been expanded to include Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) and Border Gateway Protocol (BGP). I have also added new topics such as one-time passwords and configuration servers based on Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) and Bootstrap Protocol (BOOTP). Despite the additional topics, the book has been kept to a reasonable length.

The bulk of this edition is derived directly from the first edition of the book. To emphasize both that times have changed and that my focus on practical information has not, I have left the introductory paragraphs from the first edition intact.

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TCP/IP Network Administration Third Edition by Craig Hunt

TCP/IP Network Administration Third Edition

by Craig Hunt

The first edition of TCP/IP Network Administration was written in 1992. In the decade since, many things have changed, yet some things remain the same. TCP/IP is still the preeminent communications protocol for linking together diverse computer systems. It remains the basis of interoperable data communications and global computer networking. The underlying Internet Protocol (IP), Transmission Control Protocol, and User Datagram Protocol (UDP) are remarkably unchanged. But change has come in the way TCP/IP is used and how it is managed.
A clear symbol of this change is the fact that my mother-in-law has a TCP/IP network connection in her home that she uses to exchange electronic mail, compressed graphics, and hypertext documents with other senior citizens. She thinks of this as "just being on the Internet," but the truth is that her small system contains a functioning TCP/IP protocol stack, manages a dynamically assigned IP address, and handles data types that did not even exist a decade ago.

In 1991, TCP/IP was a tool of sophisticated users. Network administrators managed a limited number of systems and could count on the users for a certain level of technical knowledge. No more. In 2002, the need for highly trained network administrators is greater than ever because the user base is larger, more diverse, and less capable of handling technical problems on its own. This book provides the information needed to become an effective TCP/IP network administrator.

TCP/IP Network Administration was the first book of practical information for the professional TCP/IP network administrator, and it is still the best. Since the first edition was published there has been an explosion of books about TCP/IP and the Internet. Still, too few books concentrate on what a system administrator really needs to know about TCP/IP administration. Most books are either scholarly texts written from the point of view of the protocol designer, or instructions on how to use TCP/IP applications. All of those books lack the practical, detailed network information needed by the Unix system administrator. This book strives to focus on TCP/IP and Unix and to find the right balance of theory and practice.

I am proud of the earlier editions of TCP/IP Network Administration. In this edition, I have done everything I can to maintain the essential character of the book while making it better. Dynamic address assignment based on Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) is covered. The Domain Name System material has been updated to cover BIND 8 and, to a lesser extent, BIND 9. The email configuration is based on current version of sendmail 8, and the operating system examples are from the current versions of Solaris and Linux. The routing protocol coverage includes Routing Information Protocol version 2 (RIPv2), Open Shortest Path First (OSPF), and Border Gateway Protocol (BGP). I have also added a chapter on Apache web server configuration, new material on xinetd, and information about building a firewall with iptables. Despite the additional topics, the book has been kept to a reasonable length.

TCP/IP is a set of communications protocols that define how different types of computers talk to each other. TCP/IP Network Administration is a book about building your own network based on TCP/IP. It is both a tutorial covering the "why" and "how" of TCP/IP networking, and a reference manual for the details about specific network programs.

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